TABLE OF CONTENT
Cover page i
Certification
ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of
content v
Abstract vii
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of problem
1.3 Research question
1.4 Research hypothesis
1.5 Purpose of the study
1.6 Scope of the study
1.7 Significance of the study
1.8 Limitation of the study
1.9 Definition of terms
CHAPTER TWO
Literature review
2.1 Introduction to the study
2.2 The concept of stress
2.3 Causes of stress
2.4 Effects of stress on worker
2.5 Management of stress
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 Research Design
3.2 Population of the study
3.3 Sample and Sampling Technique
3.4 Design synthesis
3.5 Instrumentation / Material
3.6 Method of collection / Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 Presentation of Data
4.2 Analysis of data
4.3 Interpretation of data
4.4 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
Summary of
Findings, Conclusion, Recommendations and Suggestions for further research
4.1 Summary of finding
4.2 Conclusion
4.3 Recommendations
References
ABSTRACT
This study examines the cause of
stress amongst bank workers in First bank (Nig) l.t.d. it is the contention of
this study that stress is an inevitable phenomenon in the life of any modern
organization.
Stress can have overall performance
of the organization. It is as a result of this that organization must ensure
that stress s well managed by providing different means of coping with it. In
this study such factors like dissatisfaction with the boss leadership style,
the nature of the work done by the workers, the group a worker with the level
of confidence of the worker and the general working atmosphere are found to be
positively related to stress propensity. Based on this, such recommendations
like sending managers and supervisors on courses on human relations, providing
a congenial working atmosphere and enriching the job done by the workers are
made. The research concludes will drastically help to reduce the possibilities
of stress in organization.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The impact of stress on people has its roots n medicine and
specifically, the pioneering work of style that is often regarded as the father
of stress. In his research for a new sex hormone, he serendipitously discovered
that tissue damage s a non-noxious stimuli. seiye (1950) , called this
phenomenon the general adaptation
syndrome (gas) and a decade later he introduced the form stress in his
writings.
Everybody has it,
everybody talks about it, yet few people have taken the trouble to find out
what stress really is. Nowadays, we hear of great deal at social gatherings
about the stress of executives’ life, retirement, exercise, family problems,
pollution, air traffic control or death of a relative. But how many of these
defending their strong conditions about these matter with heated arguments have
bothered to learn the scientific meaning of stress and the mechanism of its
workings?
Most people never
wondered whether there is a difference between stress and distress. The word
“stress” like “success” “failure”, “happiness”, means different things to
different people so that managing it is extremely difficult, although it has
become part of our daily vocabulary. Is stress merely a synonym for distress? S
effort, fatigue, pain, fair, the need for concentration. Limitation of censure,
the loss of blood or even an unexpected great success which requires complete
reformation in one’s entire life.
The answer is yes and no
that is, what makes management of stress so difficult. Every one of these
conditions produces stress, but none of them can be signed out as being “it”
since the word applied equally to all others. If we want to use the laboratory
as to what it has taught us about stress in formulating our own philosophy of
life if we want to avoid bad effect and yet be able to enjoy the pleasure
accomplishments, we have to learn more about the nature and mechanism of
stress.
1.1
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Organizations are established to achieve certain objectives. For
the organizations to be able to achieve ts objectives, people are put in
optimal performance that the organizational goals will be achieved.
One
of the factors that can prevent an organization from achieving its objectives
is stress. This is because stress among workers can make them not to put in
their best performance in the organization and such a situation can adversely
affect the overall performance of this, that the study examined the cause of
stress among bank workers, with a focus on First bank plc, sapele, sapele local
government , Delta state.
1.2
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The study hopes to
achieve the following objectives:
a) To look at the nature
and patterns of stress in banks.
b) To look at the causes of
stress among banks workers.
c) To look at effects of stress on bank workers
d) To identify the various
ways stress can be managed in organization
e) To improve people
understanding of stress as a phenomenon n modern organizations.
1.3
SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The significant of this
study is in two folds; the practical significance and the theoretical
significance.
To
aid the researcher in the course of the study, the following hypotheses are
postulated.
Ho: Stress is not a major cause of employee
turnover
Hi: Stress is a major cause
of employee turnover
1.1
DEFINITION OF TERMS
For ease of
understanding and use of some of the technical related terms use in this study,
the following definitions have being given:
a)
Stress
Stress is an infective
an unhealthy reaction to change. Stress describes a force, which affects human
beings physically, mentally, emotionally, socially and spiritually. It is a set
of circumstances under which individual cannot respond adequately to an
environmental stimuli. Stress involves a stress or a stress response.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE
REVIEW
Management of stress has been very
topical in all human endeavors. Researchers have tremendously contribute to the
existing literature in the various debate, workshops, campaign with a view to
understanding the concept it causes management e.t.c. for this researcher has
selectively reviewed related areas to this study.
2.1
THE CONCEPT OF STRESS
The Longman
Dictionary defined stress as: Continuous feelings of worry about your work or
personal life that prevent you from relaxing”
Stress is also defined
as a set circumstances under an individual cannot respond adequately or
instrumentally due to environmental stimuli or can so respond only at the cost
excessive wear and tear on the organization. For example, chronic fatigue,
tension, worry, physical damage, nervous breakdown or loss of self – esteem.
Stress is therefore a rational concept, since it involve factors in the
environments are stressful for all or most person; and some persons are highly
susceptible to stress in almost any environment. But those extremes. It is the
particular matchup between certain characteristics of the environment and
certain in individuals or certain individual attributes that produces stress.
Beachor and Newman (1978) see job stress as a condition
arising interaction of people and force them to deviate from their normal
functioning.
It is as a result of this that Wencerich and Matteson
(1980) defined stress simply as the interaction of organism with the
environment they accordingly gave a more detailed working definition of stress
as “an adaptive response, mediate by individual characteristics and/or
psychological process that is a consequence of any external, situation or event
that place physical and/or psychological demands upon a person”
From the forgoing discussions, the research is of the view
that stress is boredom and fatigues arising from the engagement of an
individual in a particular job. It arises due to lack of rest, recreation or
job satisfaction.
2.2 THEORIES OF STRESS
Hans Selye, the Canadian
endocrinologist and psychologist, has since the mid 1930’s given the concept a
wide currency through an extensive series of papers and books ( C.F Selye, 1950
1951-56, 1969). He describes his work as an extension of the Bemard cannon concepts
of adoption and homeostasis and sees stress as the state of the organism, the
following failure of the normal homeostatic regulatory mechanisms of
adaptation. Stress is manifested through the symptoms of a general adaptation
syndrome includes (G.A.S), a name chosen deliberating to emphasize the ink.
The general adaptation
syndrome includes three stages, the first of which is the alarm reaction. This
represents a temporary impairment of physiological functioning, often
manifested by headaches, fever, fever, or other symptoms. In this stage, the
defenses of the body are allied and consolidated. In the second stage, if
stress continues above certain level, the stress, in the third and final stage
– exhaustion or collapse or even death.
b)
Satisfaction
This is that contentment
a worker drives from doing a particular job. Subjectively, satisfaction is the
joy, which the workers derive from a given situation. Objectively, it can be
measured in terms of the differences between what the employees expect from the
service rendered and what he actually receives.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1
INTRODUCTION
A
significant level of 5% is often chosen in hypothesis testing because it shows
a minimal probability of committing type-one-error that is reflecting null
hypothesis.
The
Chi-square value can be found in the table of Chi-square distribution as soon
as the appropriate degree of freedom for this is found.
4.2 TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS
Question 1 of the personal interview was used in the testing
of hypothesis to know the level of stress among bank workers.
1 Is
there any stress among the bank workers?
Yes or No response was expected
Table 1
|
|
No. of Response
|
% of Response
|
|
Yes
|
50
|
100%
|
|
No
|
-
|
-
|
|
Total
|
50
|
100
|
Source: Field Survey 1998
The above show that 50(100%) agreed
that there is stress among bank workers
Null
Hypothesis (Ho)
That there is no stress among the bank
workers.
Alternative
Hypothesis (Hi)
That there is stress among the bank workers.
Decision: Accept Hi (Alternative Hypothesis)
CHAPTER
FIVE
SUMMARY
OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTION FOR FURTHER RESEARCH.
5.1
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
From the analysis of data in the
study, the findings of this study are summarized as stated below
i. There is a positive relationship between the
nature of the work a worker does in the organization and the propensity to
stress. Thus if the job is too demanding on the other hand, if the job is low a
worker’s capacity, he may develop stress.
ii. There is a positive relationship between
workers dissatisfaction with boss leadership style and propensity to stress.
That is, if the workers are dissatisfied with the leadership style of their
boss, such dissatisfaction can be stress producing in the working place.
iii. There is a positive relationship between the
group a worker works with and the propensity to cohesive group will be less
prone to stress than the worker working in a lowly cohesive group.
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