CAUSES OF STRESS AMONG BANK WORKERS

TABLE OF CONTENT

Cover page                                                                                      i

Certification                                                                                    ii

Dedication                                                                                       iii

Acknowledgement                                                                          iv

Table of content                                                                              v

Abstract                                                                                           vii

CHAPTER ONE

Introduction

1.1    Background of the study

1.2    Statement of problem

1.3    Research question

1.4    Research hypothesis

1.5    Purpose of the study

1.6    Scope of the study

1.7    Significance of the study

1.8    Limitation of the study

1.9    Definition of terms

CHAPTER TWO

          Literature review

2.1    Introduction to the study

2.2    The concept of stress

2.3    Causes of stress

2.4    Effects of stress on worker

2.5    Management of stress

CHAPTER THREE

3.1    Research Design

3.2    Population of the study

3.3    Sample and Sampling Technique

3.4    Design synthesis

3.5    Instrumentation / Material

3.6    Method of collection / Analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1    Presentation of Data 

4.2    Analysis of data

4.3    Interpretation of data

4.4    Discussion

CHAPTER FIVE

Summary of Findings, Conclusion, Recommendations and Suggestions for further research

4.1    Summary of finding

4.2    Conclusion        

4.3    Recommendations

References

ABSTRACT

This study examines the cause of stress amongst bank workers in First bank (Nig) l.t.d. it is the contention of this study that stress is an inevitable phenomenon in the life of any modern organization.

Stress can have overall performance of the organization. It is as a result of this that organization must ensure that stress s well managed by providing different means of coping with it. In this study such factors like dissatisfaction with the boss leadership style, the nature of the work done by the workers, the group a worker with the level of confidence of the worker and the general working atmosphere are found to be positively related to stress propensity. Based on this, such recommendations like sending managers and supervisors on courses on human relations, providing a congenial working atmosphere and enriching the job done by the workers are made. The research concludes will drastically help to reduce the possibilities of stress in organization.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1             BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The impact of stress on people has its roots n medicine and specifically, the pioneering work of style that is often regarded as the father of stress. In his research for a new sex hormone, he serendipitously discovered that tissue damage s a non-noxious stimuli. seiye (1950) , called this phenomenon the general  adaptation syndrome (gas) and a decade later he introduced the form stress in his writings.

    Everybody has it, everybody talks about it, yet few people have taken the trouble to find out what stress really is. Nowadays, we hear of great deal at social gatherings about the stress of executives’ life, retirement, exercise, family problems, pollution, air traffic control or death of a relative. But how many of these defending their strong conditions about these matter with heated arguments have bothered to learn the scientific meaning of stress and the mechanism of its workings?

    Most people never wondered whether there is a difference between stress and distress. The word “stress” like “success” “failure”, “happiness”, means different things to different people so that managing it is extremely difficult, although it has become part of our daily vocabulary. Is stress merely a synonym for distress? S effort, fatigue, pain, fair, the need for concentration. Limitation of censure, the loss of blood or even an unexpected great success which requires complete reformation in one’s entire life.

    The answer is yes and no that is, what makes management of stress so difficult. Every one of these conditions produces stress, but none of them can be signed out as being “it” since the word applied equally to all others. If we want to use the laboratory as to what it has taught us about stress in formulating our own philosophy of life if we want to avoid bad effect and yet be able to enjoy the pleasure accomplishments, we have to learn more about the nature and mechanism of stress.

1.1                STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Organizations are established to achieve certain objectives. For the organizations to be able to achieve ts objectives, people are put in optimal performance that the organizational goals will be achieved.

                  One of the factors that can prevent an organization from achieving its objectives is stress. This is because stress among workers can make them not to put in their best performance in the organization and such a situation can adversely affect the overall performance of this, that the study examined the cause of stress among bank workers, with a focus on First bank plc, sapele, sapele local government , Delta state.

1.2             OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The study hopes to achieve the following objectives:

a)  To look at the nature and patterns of stress in banks.

b) To look at the causes of stress among banks workers.

c)   To look at effects of stress on bank workers

d) To identify the various ways stress can be managed in organization

e)  To improve people understanding of stress as a phenomenon n modern organizations.

1.3             SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

The significant of this study is in two folds; the practical significance and the theoretical significance.

     To aid the researcher in the course of the study, the following hypotheses are postulated.

Ho:   Stress is not a major cause of employee turnover

Hi:    Stress is a major cause of employee turnover

1.1             DEFINITION OF TERMS

For ease of understanding and use of some of the technical related terms use in this study, the following definitions have being given:

a) Stress

Stress is an infective an unhealthy reaction to change. Stress describes a force, which affects human beings physically, mentally, emotionally, socially and spiritually. It is a set of circumstances under which individual cannot respond adequately to an environmental stimuli. Stress involves a stress or a stress response.

 CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

Management of stress has been very topical in all human endeavors. Researchers have tremendously contribute to the existing literature in the various debate, workshops, campaign with a view to understanding the concept it causes management e.t.c. for this researcher has selectively reviewed related areas to this study.

2.1 THE CONCEPT OF STRESS

               The Longman Dictionary defined stress as: Continuous feelings of worry about your work or personal life that prevent you from relaxing”

                Stress is also defined as a set circumstances under an individual cannot respond adequately or instrumentally due to environmental stimuli or can so respond only at the cost excessive wear and tear on the organization. For example, chronic fatigue, tension, worry, physical damage, nervous breakdown or loss of self – esteem. Stress is therefore a rational concept, since it involve factors in the environments are stressful for all or most person; and some persons are highly susceptible to stress in almost any environment. But those extremes. It is the particular matchup between certain characteristics of the environment and certain in individuals or certain individual attributes that produces stress.

          Beachor and Newman (1978) see job stress as a condition arising interaction of people and force them to deviate from their normal functioning.

          It is as a result of this that Wencerich and Matteson (1980) defined stress simply as the interaction of organism with the environment they accordingly gave a more detailed working definition of stress as “an adaptive response, mediate by individual characteristics and/or psychological process that is a consequence of any external, situation or event that place physical and/or psychological demands upon a person”

          From the forgoing discussions, the research is of the view that stress is boredom and fatigues arising from the engagement of an individual in a particular job. It arises due to lack of rest, recreation or job satisfaction.

2.2     THEORIES OF STRESS

Hans Selye, the Canadian endocrinologist and psychologist, has since the mid 1930’s given the concept a wide currency through an extensive series of papers and books ( C.F Selye, 1950 1951-56, 1969). He describes his work as an extension of the Bemard cannon concepts of adoption and homeostasis and sees stress as the state of the organism, the following failure of the normal homeostatic regulatory mechanisms of adaptation. Stress is manifested through the symptoms of a general adaptation syndrome includes (G.A.S), a name chosen deliberating to emphasize the ink.

The general adaptation syndrome includes three stages, the first of which is the alarm reaction. This represents a temporary impairment of physiological functioning, often manifested by headaches, fever, fever, or other symptoms. In this stage, the defenses of the body are allied and consolidated. In the second stage, if stress continues above certain level, the stress, in the third and final stage – exhaustion or collapse or even death.

b) Satisfaction

This is that contentment a worker drives from doing a particular job. Subjectively, satisfaction is the joy, which the workers derive from a given situation. Objectively, it can be measured in terms of the differences between what the employees expect from the service rendered and what he actually receives.

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1 INTRODUCTION

          A significant level of 5% is often chosen in hypothesis testing because it shows a minimal probability of committing type-one-error that is reflecting null hypothesis.

          The Chi-square value can be found in the table of Chi-square distribution as soon as the appropriate degree of freedom for this is found.

4.2   TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS

          Question 1 of the personal interview was used in the testing of hypothesis to know the level of stress among bank workers.

1        Is there any stress among the bank workers?

          Yes or No response was expected

Table 1

	No. of Response	% of Response
Yes	50	100%
No	-	-
Total	50	100

Source: Field Survey 1998

               The above show that 50(100%) agreed that there is stress among bank workers

Null Hypothesis (Ho)

      That there is no stress among the bank workers.

Alternative Hypothesis (Hi)

      That there is stress among the bank workers.

Decision: Accept Hi (Alternative Hypothesis)

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTION FOR FURTHER RESEARCH.

5.1 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

From the analysis of data in the study, the findings of this study are summarized as stated below

i.       There is a positive relationship between the nature of the work a worker does in the organization and the propensity to stress. Thus if the job is too demanding on the other hand, if the job is low a worker’s capacity, he may develop stress.

ii.     There is a positive relationship between workers dissatisfaction with boss leadership style and propensity to stress. That is, if the workers are dissatisfied with the leadership style of their boss, such dissatisfaction can be stress producing in the working place.

iii.     There is a positive relationship between the group a worker works with and the propensity to cohesive group will be less prone to stress than the worker working in a lowly cohesive group.

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